Cheap charger is damage, cell phone power management need to be cautious A

The market has been sold for several dollars cheaper charger, and some cottage charger configured only cost a few dollars. These low-quality cell phone charger to ensure it? Safe? How do they save the cost of it? Saying "you pay for," Although today is not entirely correct, however, mobile phone charger market, it is still the truth. Here, you will be lifted some of the secrets of cheap chargers, and chargers to prevent the harm of these low-cost, mobile terminal power regulator management program must be a preventive measure, can not cut corners to save costs, or else.

Causes of poor quality and hazardous charging device

MPS Asia Marketing Director Yuan Wenlin: complete charge management and protection should be divided into three parts: the charger end, the host side, the battery pack. The protection of their respective a chain, are indispensable.

Yuan Wenlin: Many markets sell the cheap charger may only use a simple winding transformers, there is no such over-voltage over-current protection.

Chargers are generally divided into Switch (switch type) and Linear (linear), with many markets selling cheap charger for profits, may only use a simple winding transformers, there is no over-current protection of overvoltage etc. also not taken into account such factors as power supply stability, the potential risk to bring the phone itself. Because mobile phone manufacturers can not predict whether its end customers to use only qualified charger charging the host, so many international brands in order to protect its reputation and reduce the cost of repairing the sale will charge the phone line plus a front-end chip protection .

State Ministry of Information Industry in 2007 by the introduction of handheld mobile communications standard charger, mobile phone manufacturers have specifically requested additional input over-voltage protection function of the host side, but the market many companies to cut costs in shipping in volume after shipment application on the network canceled the certificate was used by the overvoltage protection chip. At the same time, the battery pack side, cancel the NTC should Dianchi package over-temperature cold Baohudianzu the battery core temperature changes Wufajishi charge feedback Ji Guan Li chip, Zhe gave end users were in charge when the charge Xian Lu Dai Lai light damage , shortened battery life; serious cases such as the battery explosion / fire and other potential hazards.

Texas Instruments Instruments high-performance analog business development manager Zhang is: from the charger side, the biggest problem is the use of optocoupler, transformer insulation is not absolutely reliable, and if to save money, poor quality of materials used, there greater safety hazards; second no-load power consumption too, and now the mainstream requirement is less than 300mW, the Japanese have begun to demand 150mW; third point is that consistency is poor, after the exchange of different adapters can not guarantee applies.

Zhang was: Some mobile phone charger management software by relying, in the event the software errors that may result in accidents and disasters.

From the host side view of a number of mobile phone charging management function from the power management chip alone PMU completed, or anyone else for the single-chip integrated baseband, which charge related work all rely on PMU or the baseband chip to implement the software. While the cost is low, but the software dependent on, if there software errors may cause unexpected disasters; on the other hand, CPU Built-in rechargeable management functions, as process constraints often can not be achieved with higher input voltage, so when the user use of poor quality, or charger, plug the charger because the surge voltage generated all possible PMU or damage to the baseband chip, this time through the software to achieve many of the protection functions are not working, may have unpredictable consequences; s Third, a number of built-charge management can only be achieved and the average pulse current charging current management, the peak current limit is to rely on the charger itself, which may cause the battery life is too short, use of public phones in the future exchange of appropriate different adapter also will be hidden after.

Saint-state microelectronics product line manager, Lu Liang: charger as the product of accessories, competition, cost too much pressure, there will be more hidden than the host side. There are usually indicators of performance and product description does not match, or the electric strength failed. Dielectric strength is the charger product safety assessment of important indicators. If consumers choose such a product, electric shock may occur, threatening the personal safety of consumers.

Security measures

PI, senior vice president Doug Bailey: There are three safety hazards battery charger, or electric shock, fire and damage to the environment.

Doug Bailey: the existence battery charger electric shock, fire and safety hazards and environmental damage.

Security design approach is to supply the high side and low side to maintain the appropriate insulation and between the gap. International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) of the rules covering the safety of power supply design, there are many security agencies in monitoring production standards.

High quality products include thermal shutdown function, disconnect the power when the charger overheating; also has over-current shutdown feature, you can short-circuit the battery (which may lead to heat and fire) will power down to about 1% of rated power. Through the use of efficient control algorithms, and to ensure that products are free of halogen and PVC to minimize harm to the environment. These algorithms ensure that the charger in the power consumption of non-minimum state of charge.

Texas Instruments high-performance analog business development manager Zhang is: a new generation of mobile charge management chip requires the following characteristics:

Higher pressure, typically 18V ~ 26V; path management function, independent of charge and system power path path; thermal management capabilities, once the chip core temperature rises to a certain point automatically reduces charge current to ensure the safety of the system; LDO function, when the battery is not installed can boot the system, which is especially suitable for debugging or production test, certain occasions such as wireless public telephone, the battery may not be standard when it comes to cost.

USB charging power needed to meet the USB IF standard, low-power power supply 100mA, high-power power supply 500mA; Furthermore, a switch-mode charge will maximize the use of USB port 2.5W maximum power consumption.

Via: Cheap charger is damage, cell phone power management need to be cautious A

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Fuel cells and New proton exchange membrane

New type of fuel cell R & D success of proton exchange membrane

With independent intellectual property rights, on the water with high stability, good conductivity at high temperature direct methanol fuel cell with a new type of proton exchange membrane, recently by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry R & D success, and through the Science and Technology Bureau of Changchun City acceptance by the experts.

Direct methanol fuel cell is currently the most widely adaptable proton exchange membrane fuel cell one, since its inception to its high energy conversion efficiency, less pollution, easy miniaturization and the advantages of miniaturization, as domestic and international energy transportation competing R & D priorities.

Preparation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells is one of the key materials, but also affect the cost of fuel cell performance and one of the main factors. But methanol in the cathode through the proton exchange membrane caused by mixed potential, perfluorinated proton exchange membrane high cost bottlenecks, severely restricted the practical direct methanol fuel cell technology and commercialization. Therefore, as soon as developed a new type of proton exchange membrane fuel cells in promoting the development of great significance.

Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry from the development of new proton exchange membrane fuel cells for the development of materials provides a strong support for the objective, undertaken at the end of 2005, Changchun City, the revitalization of northeast old industrial base and the city of science and technology research, the hospital co-operation projects, "fuel cells with proton exchange membrane materials. " After 3 years of hard struggle, from their point of view in-depth exploration of the chemical basis of new proton exchange membranes for the synthesis of non-fluoride system, designed and prepared a "binaphthyl dianhydride based sulfonated polyimide proton exchange membrane," " containing naphthalene groups based on sulfonated polyimide diamine proton exchange membrane "," New polyvinyl alcohol-based low-cost composite proton exchange membrane ", summed up the performance of proton exchange membrane structure and the relationship between the development of high-performance , low-cost proton exchange membrane laid an important theoretical basis. Tests show that the non-fluorine has a higher proton exchange membrane stability and high temperature on the water conductivity good for the development of new fuel cell has laid a good foundation.

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Lithium iron phosphate battery and Electric cars

December 17, 2008, in "FPT Fiat Powertrain Technologies Cup cars Gold List of new energy technologies," the award ceremony, 863 new energy vehicles, head of major projects Mr. Wang Binggang advice about new energy in the vehicle development, said the world will celebrate the rechargeable electric cars and hybrid vehicles a period of rapid development, China will put the two technologies included in the national auto industry development of industrial revitalization plan.

Wang Binggang In particular, the development of electric cars advantages: all the energy can be transformed into electrical energy, its production process with a high concentration of carbon dioxide emissions and easy storage solution, and has high energy conversion efficiency.

Statistics show that the general household vehicle mileage less than 100 km on the probability of about 66%. Wang Binggang everyone calculations: If the estimated 20,000 km of driving, with petrol car fuel consumption of 10 liters per hundred kilometers, and oil prices 6 yuan / L account, then use the fuel costs of 1.2 million; to hundred kilometers of electric vehicles power consumption of 15 kwh and electricity price of 0.5 yuan / kWh, the annual use of electricity is 0.15 million. Batteries, if the design driving range of 150 kilometers, 15 kWh / total power consumption per hundred kilometers, you need 22.5 kwh of the battery, the battery than the price of 1.5 yuan / kW, the battery price was 34,000 yuan. Even so, electric cars than gasoline cars to save fuel costs each year about 1 million, 3 to 4 years to offset the cost of the battery.

For rechargeable hybrid vehicles, Wang Binggang clear that, plug-in hybrid technology to extend the driving range of electric vehicles, which usually use electric drive, while driving long distances into the hybrid state, is very suitable for China The.
Experts from Tsinghua University Professor Song Jian Wang Binggang endorsed the view, he also believes that the most promising applications of electric vehicles is the plug-in, because it greatly reduces the battery capacity.

Professor Song Jian analysts say China's current electricity and oil units of energy from the perspective of almost the same, gasoline is 6 yuan / liter, electricity is 0.5 yuan / kWh, 12 kWh basically in 1 liter of oil, energy are equivalent. But electricity is a secondary energy, it is used in the car can reach 80% conversion efficiency, compared to 12% fuel conversion efficiency of 16%, almost 5 times the difference. In the premise of equal energy consumption to 20% of the price to obtain the same effects with petrol vehicles is the plug-in car selling point, that the cost of its use significantly declined.

Song Jian, also pointed out that commercial development of electric vehicles is still a major bottleneck in the cost. At the same time, high-performance motor and controller unit price of power is basically 3 times the price of the current internal combustion engines, but also hinder the commercialization of electric vehicles, the main factor. In addition, like braking, steering, air conditioning and other electric vehicle-specific parts, which company has yet to develop a sophisticated use of compressed air in the vacuum booster system, the electric car air-conditioning there are voltage matching problem, these are the electric car industry to make efforts to solve the process.

Song Jian that the lithium iron phosphate stands to reason that the cost than lead-acid battery is lower, its target price should be three to five cents one kwh, now a key factor restricting its development process is due to low yields caused by premature . Song Jian said that if the yield of lithium iron phosphate can be increased to 90%, will reduce the cost of making it to the current one-twentieth or so, its prospects will be very bright.

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PV market in China

China is the world's fastest growing economy in the country, with the increasing depletion of global fossil energy, domestic energy supply and demand have become increasingly tense, development and utilization of renewable energy is to advocate and support our government ease the energy supply and demand in the most effective way to tension .

Include solar thermal solar, photovoltaic photovoltaic huge industry. Solar photovoltaic power generation is a completely zero emission clean energy, but also a reality close to the energy scale applications. Photovoltaic power generation has many advantages, such as: safe, reliable, no noise, no pollution, energy widely available, without geographical restrictions, no consumption of fuel, no mechanical moving parts, low failure rate, easy maintenance, can no duty, construction Station cycle is short, the size of random, without erecting transmission lines, can easily combined with the building and so on. These advantages are the conventional power generation and other power generation methods can not reach.

Remote desert areas of virgin land PV market

According to Trina Solar CEO, who introduced high-century, China has a vast, complex geography, especially in Tibet, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan is located in the remote and desert areas, abundant solar energy resources, use of solar photovoltaic products to address local difficult problem of electricity should be one of the best.

He said that China's large tracts of desert, desertification of land and potential desertification land, totaling about 105 million square kilometers. According to one square kilometer of land can be installed 100MWp solar calculations, 1% of the desert can be installed 1000GWp, China's installed capacity of 2 times the current power, and this area of photovoltaic power generation applications now account for only 0.2% of the market. Therefore, this is a huge untapped virgin territory.

Boost the development of local PV market

Since 2007, the international situation changing economic situation in the foreign market crunch, the domestic photovoltaic companies for enterprise survival and development in the Pathfinder. Also brought good news is that the local government and relevant departments are also active in action, for the PV market expansion in the domestic enterprises build bridges.

It is understood that in Beijing, Shanghai, Hefei, Shenzhen and other cities, more and more energy-efficient demonstration area, solar lighting projects are government procurement, the Government will pay for solar energy products. In the promotion, many solar companies are good and government form a "coalition forces", with government action to further market their products and make a reputation. It is reported that the construction of solar Chuzhou Rongshida full solar mining group in the local ecological community has no small reputation, Rongshida for this project provided all of the solar lighting system, a model and win in Jiangsu, Hubei, Henan, to order. Government PV business development help.

Shanghai Municipal Economic Commission, Changsha City Energy Office and other government departments are the green lighting, wind and solar energy technologies and other new projects included in the key energy conservation projects in the city, and municipal road construction, landscaping in the large-scale promotion. Shanghai in 2007 to create a number of energy-saving model for example, photovoltaic power, solar lighting will be fully applied in these projects.

PV industry in China, Jiangsu province, began organizing the implementation of key development and application of solar energy utilization technology demonstration projects, in order to Suntech, Changzhou Trina Solar, Nanjing electricity companies represented, fully utilize resources advantages for the big clean energy industry continued efforts.

Solar photovoltaic become a real estate development "selling points"

In recent years, solar energy into building components of housing facilities and residential communities, has become the consensus of many real estate agency, real estate, real estate developers are beginning to realize the use in the development of new energy brings added value to the project.

A city called "Paris in the spring," the one-time real estate 31 a smooth delivery of residential buildings, the value of several million dollars to install solar photovoltaic systems contributed to environment protection and energy of solar power generation facilities has become the biggest selling point of the real estate. Photovoltaic power generation is not only energy but also a good way to boost sales, the developer will invest more than 500 million residential electricity for lighting all converted into solar power systems. Although much has invested several million dollars, the price per square meter of housing up so two to three hundred dollars, but consumers are interested in the use of new energy sources, sales all the way to good.

In Shenzhen, Dongguan, Nanjing, Xi'an and other places of the developers, have begun to hand photovoltaic enterprises, the introduction of solar lighting system real estate industry.

Although the State introduced the "Renewable Energy Law", has not yet issued specific PV-specific incentives, but local governments in the development of advantageous resources and create a harmonious environment has been some movement, which is the market development of PV business significant.

Experts interpret domestic PV market

In recent years, in the international market and driven by domestic policy, China's PV industry has emerged in many excellent photovoltaic production enterprises. China has become the world's three major producers of photovoltaic cells. According to experts, China is in the following areas to promote the domestic PV market development:

One. Is to start sending electricity to the village projects to solve the electricity problem the village without electricity. Currently, the World Bank, the National Western Development Office is doing the program.

II. A special project on the use of photovoltaic power generation, such as the World Expo, the Olympics.

III. Is the construction of photovoltaic power plants in desert areas.

IV. Are prepared to mobilize a number of cities, start roof plan, and now, Shanghai, Beijing, Baoding, Hebei, Shandong, Texas, are exploring this issue.

Five. Is the study of the development to improve the competitiveness of PV electricity price policy.

According to high-Ji Fan, China's current largest PV market is still the area of communications, including microwave relay stations, satellite communications ground stations, satellite TV receiving poor transfer system, program-controlled telephone exchanges, military communications stations, etc., the current market share of around 50% .

China's huge market potential of solar PV, solar companies can seize the opportunity, beachhead, we will wait and see!

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Lithium Battery Energy saving Upsurge

With the constant fluctuations in international oil prices, energy saving environmentally friendly lithium battery in the limelight once again a hot topic. From 6 months, the number of international auto companies and electronics companies are using large-scale lithium battery joint investment. Including Toyota and Matsushita, Nissan and NEC, Volkswagen and Sanyo, Bosch and Samsung, they believe that lithium batteries in the next few years will gradually replace the nickel-metal hydride batteries, lead the direction of development of hybrid vehicles. Li-ion battery in the heat of global investment background, China's automotive enterprises in this research work is in what kind of? Experts on the lithium battery is holding what kind of attitude? Recently, the reporter interviewed specifically on this issue who has studied the domestic lithium battery, several experts.

Beijing Institute of Electric Vehicle Engineering Center Deputy Director Lin Cheng

Study of lithium iron phosphate has been a breakthrough

Lin Cheng told reporters, demanding automotive lithium batteries. It requires that the vehicle used in a variety of conditions, must protect the security, can not occur fire, explosions and other accidents. The first was for battery electric vehicles, in this country has made great breakthroughs have begun to take industrial scale. But 5,6 years ago, with the battery powered vehicles are often some accidents, such cells will gradually be diluted. Now, the domestic lithium battery research progress quickly, especially in the battery safety issues, has made great progress.

Lin Cheng told reporters, lithium batteries include lithium manganese oxide and lithium iron phosphate batteries. At present, the development of the domestic lithium manganese oxide has begun to take shape. Lithium iron phosphate as safer, longer life, will become an important direction for future development of lithium batteries, but also abroad, the focus of research and development of the automobile. At present, lithium iron phosphate studies of good progress, especially in some of the patent on a breakthrough, this time for the Beijing Olympic Games is a passenger car with a self-developed lithium iron phosphate lithium battery.

"Of course with the study abroad compared to lithium batteries, the domestic lithium battery research still lags far behind, but the domestic lithium battery emphasis on increasing, the future will be the R & D focus." Lin Cheng told reporters.

Henan Huanyu Group lithium battery industry technology Deng Lun-ho, deputy chief engineer

Large-scale lithium batteries for electric cars need some time

Henan Huanyu Group is a component from the battery to the battery cell manufacturing plastics and related hardware, equipment manufacturing, electronics manufacturing, a complete industrial chain of the Enterprise Group, has undertaken the project of Science and Technology Li-ion battery research and development.

"At present the domestic lithium battery research and abroad, the gap is mainly reflected in the battery control system and power management systems." Deng Lun-ho told reporters that now the domestic lithium battery research for development in their respective state. Currently, some companies have been able to provide the corresponding lithium battery electric vehicle accessory products, supporting the general lithium batteries can run 200 to 500 km.

Deng Lun-ho told reporters that now the price is too high the domestic lithium battery, power management system problem has not yet been well resolved. Charging electric vehicles also face the problem. Currently, the general line at home can not charge lithium batteries for electric vehicles must be equipped with a small dedicated charger, and charging time is very long and very troublesome. Abroad, in order to solve this problem, generally regarded charging stations and gas stations together. China is now charging stations have not established a large scale.

Deng Lun-ho believes that the current consumer acceptance of electric vehicles equipped with lithium batteries it still more difficult: "the price of an ordinary electric car is about twice the same configuration or even higher gasoline locomotives, domestic consumers have not enough economic prepared to accept the power and electric vehicles. "

China Electric Power Research Institute engineer Chuang Feng

Optimistic about the prospects for the development of lithium iron phosphate

Chong Tong, told this reporter, the electric vehicle battery research and development work has gone from lead-acid batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries to the development of lithium batteries, each battery advantages and disadvantages.

The earliest to appear in lead-acid batteries, used in the longest time, belonging to the battery series. The best safety performance lead-acid batteries, rare explosion, fire and other phenomena, energy storage effect is not ideal. Later, people developed a nickel-metal hydride batteries, store energy and power than the effect of the ideal lead-acid batteries, but due to nickel-metal hydride battery in the charging of hydrogen generated in the process prone to explosion, so the nickel-metal hydride batteries in a business may or may not state.

To the year 2000, people developed a lithium battery. Lithium batteries are lead-acid storage battery of power 2 to 3 times, but because it contains lithium-ion active in the metal layer surface, prone to spontaneous combustion in the air, explosions, etc., higher risk. So now the major countries is to control the development of lithium batteries is safety and stability.

"Charging a lithium battery would be able to cycle around 1000, in which the stored energy of lithium iron phosphate is better than lithium cobalt oxide and lithium manganese oxide effects worse, but it's the best safety performance, than lead-acid battery energy storage much higher, so now the most promising lithium iron phosphate. "Chuang Tong said.

Society of Automotive Engineers of China, director Chen Quanshi branch of electric car

Three problems of domestic lithium battery research

Quan-Shi Chen said in an interview: "Now the state attaches great importance to the study of lithium batteries, '863 'project, the state invested a total of 66 million yuan, all development work for the lithium battery. We and Japan, the United States such as walking in the lithium battery research and development in the forefront of the developed countries, China's lithium battery manufacturing precision, equipment, standards, etc. there is a certain gap between R & D details. "

Quan-Shi Chen told reporters that at present there are three issues of domestic lithium battery research. The first is the consistency of manufacturing. Since the lithium battery manufacturing technology and equipment there is a gap, the domestic lithium battery production technology mixed, manufacturing standards has not yet reached agreement. Lithium batteries used in electric vehicles are connected in series or in parallel, if the consistency issues are not well, then the large-scale production of lithium batteries used in electric vehicles will not be able.

Followed by the intellectual property rights. Currently in the study of lithium iron phosphate has made a breakthrough, but the U.S. patent in this area, so although some of our links to independent research and development, but in intellectual property issues, but also do not know how to respond.

The third issue is the selection of raw materials. Now the production of raw materials used in lithium batteries can not all imported, mainly from China, but domestic raw materials, through international certification, to produce lithium-ion batteries in order to be internationally recognized, so the link in the certification of raw materials and also some problems.

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